UNIT II: EXPAND YOUR VOCABULARY

Vocabulary:

Joke: (noun) a thing that someone says to cause amusement or laughter, especially a story with a funny punchline (the final phrase or sentence of a joke or story, providing the humor or some other crucial element.) : "she was in a mood to tell jokes".

Verb: to joke.

Adj: (informal) jokey/joky: amusing; making people laugh.

Adv: jokingly.

Sitcom: (noun) situation comedy: a regular programme on television that shows the same characters in different situations.

Impression: (noun) an idea, feeling, or opinion about something or someone, especially one formed without conscious thought or on the basis of little evidence. : "His first impressions of Manchester were very positive."

Verb: to impress.

Adj: impressive.

Adv: impressively.

Humorous: (adj) causing lighthearted laughter and amusement; comic. : "a humorous and entertaining talk".

Noun: humour.

Noun: humorist.

Adv: humorously.

Adj: humourless.

Adv: humourlessly.

Make fun of someone: (verb) to laugh at sb/sth or make other people laugh at them, usually in an unkind way: "It’s cruel to make fun of people who stammer."

Adj: funny.

To kid: (verb) to joke (usually used in the →progressive tenses) to tell sb sth that is not true, especially as a joke.

Noun: kid.

Silly: (edj) having or showing a lack of common sense or judgment; absurd and foolish. : "Another of his silly jokes." "“Don't be silly!” she said".

Noun: silliness  (y→i).

Witty: (adj) showing or characterized by quick and inventive verbal humor. : "a witty remark" "Marlowe was charming and witty". Synonyms: humorous, amusing, funny.

Noun: wit.

Adv: wittily.

Joy: (noun) a feeling of great pleasure and happiness.

Adj: joyful/joyless.

Adv: joyfully.

Noun: joyfulness.

Verb: to enjoy.

Anger: (noun) a strong feeling of annoyance, displeasure, or hostility.

Verb: to anger: make someone angry.

Adj: angry.

Adv: angrily.

Gaiety: (noun) happiness and excitement. (old-fashioned word)

Adj: gay(old-fashioned word).

Adv: gaily.

Despair: (noun) the complete loss or absence of hope.

Adj: despairing.

Adv: despairingly.

Verb: to despair.

Delight: (noun) great pleasure.

Verb: to delight.

Adj: delighted: very pleased/ delightful: very pleasant, attractive or enjoyable.

Adv: delightedly.

Depression: (noun) the state of feeling very unhappy and without hope for the future.

Verb: to depress.

Adj: depressed/depressing.

Adv: depressingly.

Loneliness: (noun) the state of being lonely.

Adj: lonely: unhappy because you are not with other people. (=lonesome).

Adj: lone: alone: without other people.

Sadness: (noun) being unhappy or sorry.

Adj: sad

Adv: sadly.

Frustration: (noun) the feeling of being upset or annoyed, especially because of inability to change or achieve something.

Verb: to frustrate.

Adj: frustrating/frustrated.

Adv: frustratingly.

Cheerfulness: (noun) the state of being cheerful (pleasure and happines.)

Verb: to cheer.

Noun: cheer: a feeling of happiness.

Adj: cheerful: happy and positive.

Adj: cheerless: (of a place, tc.) without warmth or colour so it make you feel epressed. (Synonym: gloomy): "A dark cheerless room."

Adv: cheerfully.

Merriment: (noun) gaiety and fun or when people laugh and have an enjoyable time together.

Adj: merry.

Adv: merrily.

Worry: (noun) a state of anxiety and uncertainty over actual or potential problems.

Verb: to worry.

Adj: worried/worrying.

Adv: worriedly/worryingly.

Noun: worrier: someone who worries a lot.

Vivacity: (noun) (especially in a woman) the quality of being attractively lively and animated.

Adj: vivacious: (especially of a woman) attractively lively and animated.

Adv: vivaciously.

Calm: (adj) peaceful and quiet.

Verb: to calm.

Adv: calmly.

Noun: calmness.

Satisfaction: (noun) fulfillment of one's wishes, expectations, or needs, or the pleasure derived from this.

Verb: to satisfy.

Adj: satisfying: giving fulfillment or the pleasure associated with this.

Adv: satisfyingly.

Adj: satisfactory: good or good enough for a particular need or purpose.

Adv: satisfactorily.

Enthusiasm: (noun) intense and eager enjoyment, interest, or approval.

Verb: enthuse: express excitement about something or great interest in it.

Noun: enthusiast: a person who is highly interested in a particular activity or subject.

Adj: enthusiastic.

Adv: enthusiastically.

Fear: (noun) an unpleasant emotion caused by the belief that someone or something is dangerous, likely to cause pain, or a threat.

Verb: to fear.

Adj: fearful/fearless/fearsome.

Adv: fearfully/fearlessly.

Optimism: (noun) hopefulness and confidence about the future or the successful outcome of something.

Noun: optimist: someone who always believes that good things will happen.

Verb: to optimize.

Adj: optimistic ≠ pessimistic.

Jubilation: (noun) a feeling of great happiness and triumph.

Verb: to jubilate:

Adj: jubilant.

Adv: jubilantly.

Idiomatic Expressions:

lift somebody’s spirits: to make somebody happier.

feel down: feel depressed, gloomy, unhappy.somebody’s heart sinks: to feel disappointed or to lose hope.

look up: to become better. "Our financial situation is looking up at last."

be in the depth(s) of sth: experiencing an extreme and negative emotion such as "despair": "He was in the depths of despair/depression about losing his job.

walking on air: to feel extremely excited or happy.

walk on eggs/eggshells: 1-be very careful not to offend someone or do anything wrong 2-to walk very cautiously.

to be/get/run low (on something): to have nearly finished a supply of something: "We’re running low on milk- could you buy some more?" (=French: ne plus avoir beaucoup de qch).

to be low: weak or depressed; with very little energy: "I’m feeling really low." "They were in low spirits."

spirits rose ("rose" verb "rise" in the simple past)= felt happier: "Her spirits lifted/rose(=She felt happier) as she read the letter."